What is the primary legal document governing state and local governments in Texas?

The Texas Constitution serves as the primary legal document for governing state and local governments in Texas. It outlines the structure, function, and powers of the state government, as well as the rights of citizens. By establishing the legal framework under which state institutions operate, the Texas Constitution addresses fundamental governmental principles, the division of powers, and specific provisions related to state laws.

Additionally, while the Bill of Rights is crucial for protecting individual freedoms, it functions more as part of the U.S. Constitution and is not specific to state governance. Federal statutes provide a framework for federal law but do not dictate the governance of state and local entities. City charters are important for local governments and specify the organization and powers of cities, but they operate under the broader authority granted by the Texas Constitution. Thus, the Texas Constitution is the foundational legal document that governs the state's regulations and procedures.