What is a “special session” in the Texas Legislature?

A "special session" in the Texas Legislature is indeed called by the governor outside of the regular legislative session. This mechanism allows the governor to address specific issues or legislative matters that arise and require immediate attention, which cannot wait until the next regular session. The constitutionally mandated regular session occurs every two years and lasts a set period, while special sessions can be called at the governor's discretion and can address a limited agenda defined by the governor's proclamation.

The purpose of a special session is strategic; it enables the governor to focus on urgent issues or emergencies that are not included within the scope of the regular legislative agenda. Generally, these sessions are shorter and have specific, predetermined topics for discussion, allowing the legislature to respond effectively to pressing needs.

In contrast, a session called by citizens refers to a different concept of democratic engagement and is not a formal legislative procedure in Texas. Regularly scheduled meetings refer to the standard sessions held by the legislature that occur every two years but do not encapsulate the unique nature or features of a special session. Lastly, while budget discussions are often critical matters in special sessions, limiting a special session solely to budget discussions would be inaccurate, as the governor has the flexibility to call for discussions on various topics.