The term "gerrymandering" refers specifically to the manipulation of electoral district boundaries to favor one political party over another. This practice involves drawing district lines in a way that maximizes the electoral advantage of a particular party, often by concentrating opposition voters into a few districts or spreading them across multiple districts to dilute their voting power. As a result, gerrymandering can significantly distort the representation in legislative bodies, leading to outcomes that may not reflect the actual distribution of public support among the political parties.
In contrast, the other options deal with different aspects of electoral processes or governmental organization. Redrawing state lines for new counties pertains to the administrative process of creating new governmental units, while establishing new voting procedures involves changes to election methods and processes. A system for random voter selection refers to a method of ensuring fair representation or participation in elections, particularly in systems like lottery-based selection for civic duties. However, none of these options capture the essence of gerrymandering, which is explicitly about manipulating district boundaries for partisan gain.